The French-German 10-year spread touched about 155 basis points yesterday, the widest since the 2011 euro crisis, and has roughly doubled in a few weeks. A budget promising roughly €43 billion in savings failed to steady the market. The deficit path remains above 5% of GDP, debt is still climbing, and the 2027 presidential election hangs over every fiscal promise. Higher yields feed the problem, more of the budget goes to interest, so the consolidation needed to stabilize the ratio grows larger, not smaller.
The spillover is already visible, the widening is no longer confined to France. Italy, Belgium, and Greece have moved with it. In a monetary union without a shared treasury, one large sovereign under stress reopens the question of who ultimately backstops the system. The ECB can compress spreads for a while, but it cannot make French primary balances add up without reigniting the argument over fiscal transfers that the north has never accepted.
If Paris cannot pass and stick to a credible path before the election, the next leg will not stay inside France. The first euro crisis was about hundreds of billions, the second will be about trillions and will most likely break the failed experiment called the euro.
Most people don’t yet grasp what is happening in France. Markets are pricing French sovereign debt as junk, rating agencies will eventually have to follow. This will have two major impacts:
1. Most French banks are already rated at or just below the sovereign, so a move toward junk would likely drag domestically focused lenders with it. Credit to households and firms would slow sharply, hurting the economy and widening the fiscal deficit even further, a vicious cycle.
2. For the ECB, the constraint is legal as well as financial. A fall below investment grade would force sales by ratings-bound investors while making any backstop harder to justify under current rules.
The next euro crisis will begin in France. The first, which began in Greece, will feel like a walk in the park compared with what comes next.