Dr. Lisa Su is widely celebrated for executing one of the greatest corporate turnarounds in technology history. When she took over as CEO of Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) in October 2014, the company was on the verge of bankruptcy, with a stock price hovering around $3 and billions in debt.
She made the smart call to scrap AMD's existing plans and redesigned their core processors from scratch. This led to the launch of the Ryzen (for PCs) and EPYC (for data centers) microprocessors, which aggressively stripped market share away from their chief rival, Intel.
Under her leadership, AMD skyrocketed to a $1 trillion market cap, making it the first company led by a female CEO to hit that milestone.
She also stabilized AMD's finances by spinning off its expensive, cash-bleeding fabrication factories. Instead of manufacturing the chips themselves, she shifted AMD into a pure chip design firm, outsourcing production to highly advanced semiconductor foundries like TSMC in Taiwan.
AMD had begun its outsourcing transition in 2008 and 2009. Virtually the entire modern semiconductor industry followed the exact same path. Today, the tech world is largely split between "Fabless" companies (who design chips) and "Foundries" (who physically print them).
The heavy reliance on Taiwan didn't actually start until 2018. That year, GlobalFoundries announced it was giving up on developing ultra-advanced, sub-7-nanometer chip technology because the factory upgrade costs were too high. Left without an American factory option, AMD had to pivot entirely to TSMC in Taiwan.
AMD more recently partnered with TSMC to utilize their newly built TSMC Arizona facilities in Phoenix. AMD has successfully validated and begun volume production of its major processorsâincluding the Ryzen 9000 desktop CPUs and next-generation 5th-Gen EPYC data center chipsâright here in the United States.
While the physical silicon wafers are now being printed in the U.S., the supply chain remains global. For the final steps of productionâspecifically "packaging" (assembling the delicate silicon slices together into the final container)âthe chips are still largely shipped overseas to packaging hubs in Asian countries like Malaysia.
Moving beyond simple manufacturing partnerships, AMD established massive, state-backed global R&D centers in the Taiwanese cities of Tainan and Kaohsiung to pioneer next-generation silicon photonics and artificial intelligence design.
So while AMD is entirely American-born and headquartered, its lifebloodâand its future AI ambitionsâare fundamentally anchored in Taiwan's tech ecosystem.
Building a modern semiconductor fabrication plant (a "fab") is arguably the most expensive construction project on Earth.
In the 1990s, a fab cost a few hundred million dollars. Today, a single cutting-edge facility costs between $15 billion and $20 billion. The absolute newest TSMC mega-fabs are projected to approach $49 billion.
Moore's Law dictates that chip complexity doubles roughly every two years, forcing transistors to get smaller and smaller. For a factory, this means your multi-billion-dollar manufacturing equipment becomes obsolete every few years.
If a company owns its own fab, it must spend billions constantly upgrading the machines just to keep up. If they have a bad sales year and can't afford the upgrade, their factory falls behind, and they are effectively ruined.
The Fabless Designers (AMD, Nvidia, Apple) pour 100% of their money and brainpower into architecture, software, and R&D. They don't have to worry about factory maintenance, cleanroom dust, or supply chain construction risks.
The Foundries (TSMC) only focus on the physics of printing silicon. Because they manufacture the chips for Apple, Nvidia, AMD, and Qualcomm all at once, they have a massive pool of continuous revenue. This scale is the only way to justify spending $40+ billion a year on factory upgrades.
Because TSMC cornered the market early, they built a massive, hyper-efficient semiconductor ecosystem in Taiwan that competitors could not replicate. TSMC manufactures over 90% of the worldâs most advanced computer chips.
Ultimately, outsourcing turned this highly volatile, capital-intensive nightmare into a streamlined system where design companies focus on brains, and foundries focus on brawn.
Terrified of having a single point of failure for the entire global economy, Western governments have pushed TSMC to diversify outside of Taiwan.
This geographic transition hasn't been entirely seamless. Taiwan's leadership recently rejected a aggressive U.S. proposal to forcefully migrate 40% of its total semiconductor supply chain to America, calling the target completely "impossible" given the immense scale required.
Even though the actual printing presses are spreading globally, AMD and Nvidia are aggressively expanding their design footprints inside Taiwan.
Taiwan possesses the highest density of advanced semiconductor engineers, material scientists, and hardware specialists on the planet.
AMD's new hubs are built specifically to collaborate with local universities to funnel this exact talent directly into their ecosystem. The new centers are focusing on highly experimental, next-generation engineeringâspecifically silicon photonics (using light instead of electricity to transfer data inside chips) and complex AI infrastructure.
Since testing an experimental chip design requires constant, rapid iteration with the factory, having their R&D offices just a short drive away from TSMC's primary labs allows AMD to refine its designs and bring them to market far faster than doing it from California.
Tech companies are building backup factories around the world to survive a worst-case geopolitical crisis, but they are keeping their core engineering engines firmly rooted in Taiwan because that is where the world's best semiconductor minds live.
In short, Taiwan holds arguably the most unique and critical economic leverage in modern human history. But this massive leverage is a double-edged sword that is actively evolving.
The paradox of Taiwan's leverage is that the more powerful it becomes, the more it terrifies its allies.
By law, TSMC is required to keep its absolute most advanced "frontier" technology inside Taiwan. The factories built in the U.S. are intentionally kept at least one to two generations behind the cutting-edge work happening locally on the island.
In a race against time, the island's security ultimately depends on making sure that no matter how many factories are built globally, the global tech industry remains permanently dependent on Taiwanese minds.
The federal government remains intensely focused on diluting its single point of failure in Asia. President Trump has continuously shaken things up, explicitly calling out Taiwan's near-monopoly on advanced computing tech and demanding that Taipei shoulder a heavier independent burden for its own defense.
Manufacturing a chip in the U.S. is 5% to 20% more expensive than in Taiwan. While CEOs like Lisa Su have accepted this premium as a tax for "supply chain resiliency," the long-term inflation on consumer tech prices remains a heavy burden for the market to absorb.
Printing the circular silicon wafer is only half the battle. The complex process of cutting and stacking those wafers into finished AI hardware ("advanced packaging") still happens almost entirely back in Asia. Until the U.S. builds out domestic packaging infrastructure, the supply chain remains deeply vulnerable.
While Taiwan is politically independent and has not been militarily conquered, it is subject to some of the most aggressive, relentless espionage and cyber warfare campaigns in the world.
Because China faces strict U.S. chip export bans, it desperately needs Taiwanâs proprietary engineering data. In response, Taiwan has updated its National Security Act to explicitly categorize the theft of chip secrets as a national security crime.
Beijing aggressively uses financial leverage to compromise Taiwanese institutions from the inside.
High-profile espionage investigations have reached straight into Taiwanâs parliament. A major probe led to the detention of legislative aides accused of operating a decade-long, Chinese-funded spy ring designed to manipulate local political data and influence elections.
On a digital level, intelligence agencies report that Chinese state-sponsored hackers launch an average of 2.6 to 2.8 million cyber intrusion attempts every single day against Taiwan.
Despite these aggressive tactics, under President Lai Ching-te Taiwan has implemented rigorous counter-espionage strategies, including bringing back robust military courts, restricting Chinese investments, and forming joint intelligence pools with Western allies.
Taiwan consistently ranks among the top five safest destinations globally.
Following the 2019 pro-democracy protests and Beijing's implementation of the National Security Law on June 30, 2020, tens of thousands of Hong Kongers moved to the island.
The greatest hurdle facing Hong Kong exiles in Taiwan is a tightening layer of national security background checks designed to prevent Chinese espionage.
Taiwanese immigration authorities regularly reject or indefinitely freeze permanent residency applications for Hong Kongers if the applicant was born in mainland China, has ever worked for the Hong Kong government, or has ever been employed by state-linked Chinese enterprises.
Because the Taiwanese system is deliberately opaque and handled case-by-case, a growing number of Hong Kong exiles have given up on trying to secure permanent IDs in Taiwan. Many are secondary-migrating to Western nations like the UK or Canada, which offer highly structured, formal, and predictable humanitarian settlement paths specifically tailored for Hong Kong passport holders.
Taiwan has paired tighter national security restrictions on Chinese capital flows with heavily boosted counter-surveillance protections to actively protect high-risk Hong Kong dissidents from transnational repression and harassment by Chinese operatives inside Taiwan.
The mass exodus of Hong Kongers has still created a highly complex set of issues across Western democraciesâmost notably in the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States.
Because Beijing weaponized its National Security Law to give activists "criminal convictions" for simple acts of protest, Western immigration systems are flagrantly flags-matching these dissidents as criminals.
@POTUS
In the UK, which has taken in over 180,000 Hong Kongers, although roughly 59% of the arrivals hold advanced university degrees, nearly half remain trapped in severe underemploymentâworking low-wage retail or logistics jobs because Western corporate networks struggle to recognize Hong Kong certifications.
Perhaps the most dangerous issue is that the CCP's surveillance state followed the refugees to the West. What began as a unified Western humanitarian effort to rescue Hong Kong has collided directly with the harsh realities of domestic immigration rollbacks, economic friction, and the long arm of Beijing's global influence.
Intelligence agencies quickly realized that China was using this pathway to insert spies under the guise of Hong Kong political exiles.
While the widely reported pathway of Chinese intelligence agents embedding directly within specific, mass-exile visa schemesâsuch as the UK's British National Overseas (BNO) pathwayâis most heavily documented in Britain, a highly similar pattern has definitively occurred in the United States.
Taiwanâs representative to the U.S. Alexander Yui says he sees no change in Washingtonâs position toward Taiwan following President Trumpâs meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping this past week.
âThe United States made it very clear that [there was] no change in position towards Taiwan, and I think they made it clear during and before and after the visit,â Yui says.
But for the first time, Xi explicitly warned the U.S. to "oppose" Taiwan independence rather than just "handle the question with caution". Chinese state media later doubled down, calling Taiwan "the biggest issue" in the bilateral relationship.
The White House's post-summit fact sheet completely omitted any mention of Taiwan, focusing instead on breakthrough agreements regarding trade, critical minerals, fentanyl, and artificial intelligence safety talks. Trump downplayed the conversation entirely, stating to reporters that Taiwan "barely came up".
The Trump administration continues to hold a $14 billion U.S. arms package to Taiwan in abeyance. Trump previously referred to these delayed weapons sales as a "very good negotiating chip" with Xiâleaving Taiwanese analysts highly watchful as Trump and Xi prepare for two more scheduled summits later this year.
In November, the two leaders will hold their next bilateral meeting on the sidelines of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum in China.
In December, they will meet again during the G20 Summit in Miami, Florida.
In late September 2026, Beijing formally revising its National Mobilization Law for the first time since 2010. The physical escalation has heavily targeted the waters surrounding Taiwan. The China Coast Guard has turned aggressive patrols into a daily routine, aggressively pushing past maritime boundaries and expanding operations to the waters east of Taiwan.
The PLA is utilizing unannounced live-fire exclusion zones and routine joint drills to desensitize Taiwanâs radar. The ministry warns that these "mock exercises" are designed so they can be flipped into a real blockade or invasion threshold at a moment's notice.
And on this eve of Chinaâs October 1 National Day reception, President Xi Jinping delivered a highly visible address explicitly reiterating his intent to "resolutely combat separatist forces" and achieve "national reunification".
Meanwhile the Taiwan Strait has become the most heavily monitored and electronic-warfare-saturated airspace on the planet. Both the U.S. and Taiwanese militaries regularly pick up high-speed, radar-defying, or oddly shaped anomalies that are often later identified as next-generation uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) and electronic decoys.
China has converted hundreds of legacy J-6 fighter jets into remote-controlled, uncrewed strike drones. When deployed alongside advanced surveillance swarms, these crafts are specifically designed to spoof Taiwan's air defenses, creating confusing radar tracks that mimic anomalous aerial phenomena.
Taiwan's sensitive, top-secret receivers are built to detect "invisible" targets, which means they frequently track cloaked, experimental military techâranging from stealth fighter prototypes to atmospheric test balloonsâthat look entirely unidentifiable to the public or standard commercial pilot.
While the modern escalation is purely military, Taiwan has a long, colorful history of civilian UFO interest. Taiwan's earliest credible sightings date back to the late 1950s when the head of the Taipei City Observatory recorded mysterious gliding lights over the capital.
The phenomenon became so deeply embedded in local culture that in the late 1970s, developers famously built the Wanli UFO Village âa series of futuristic, pod-shaped "Futuro" holiday homes meant to resemble flying saucers. Today, it sits as an eerie, abandoned ghost town on Taiwan's northern coast, serving as a reminder of the island's long-standing obsession with the skies.
While operating as a luxury 5-star hotel in the heart of the bustling Xinyi District, the Grand Hyatt carries an international reputation as one of Asia's most famously haunted buildings.
Urban legends persist because the hotel was constructed directly over the demolished site of a WWII Japanese military prison (the Kempeitai HQ), where mass executions and torture took place. The massive Buddhist sutras and calligraphy scrolls permanently displayed in the lobby are widely rumored by locals to be talismanic prayers meant to quiet restless spirits.
The association between spirits and UFOs (UAP) in Taiwan is deeply rooted in traditional Taiwanese folk religion, Daoism, and animism.
In traditional Taiwanese cosmology, the universe is heavily populated by an overlapping realm of gods, ghosts, and spiritsâcollectively referred to as Ling (é - spiritual energy or efficacy).
Many local groups believe that what Westerners call "UFOs" are actually the vehicles of Daoist immortals or heavenly soldiers navigating the mortal realm.
It is highly common to see modern Taiwanese books and temple discussions blending the Ba Gua (the eight Daoist trigrams) with theories of multi-dimensional alien travel, viewing space entities as highly evolved spiritual beings rather than physical creatures.
Taiwan's rugged, central mountain ranges are historically treated as sacred, living entities with immense spiritual power. They are also the island's primary UAP hotspots.